are polish and ukrainian mutually intelligible

Polish ~ Kashubian . Also how much of Rusyn do Russians understand on a % basis? Spanish is most mutually intelligible with Galician. The dialects of Ukrainian do not differ extensively from one another and are all mutually intelligible. You are wrong about Slovenian and Croatian languages. They give you strict % figures, and it is pretty amazing. Albeit, Scots dialect is far more pronounced than English, and at times, can be unintelligible. However, the Croatian macrolanguage has strange lects that Standard Croatian (tokavian) cannot understand. In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort. Polish is not intelligible with Kashubian, a language related to Polish spoken in the north of Poland. I have also friends from Central Macedonia (Prilep, Bitola) and I can tell how different they speak from the Skopjian dialect. I use Ethnologues list of languages and dialects, but extend it a bit. Bolgarian 30 % spoken, 50 % written In fact, I would probably have a hard time to understand a Czech speaking with such an intonation. Many Ukrainian-speakers consider the language . Northern Germanic languages spoken in Scandinavia form a dialect continuum where two furthermost dialects have almost no mutual intelligibility. Saris Slovak has 85% intelligibility of Polish. It is sometimes used as an important criterion for distinguishing languages from dialects, although sociolinguistic factors are often also used. Also, I can only understand a small bit of Russian, and Ukrainian is even more far off for me(the pronunciation is easier but understanding is harder) and I can understand quite a bit of bulgarian(especially when written). Additionally, Norwegian assimilated a considerable amount of Danish vocabulary as well as traditional Danish expressions. Spanish is also partially mutually intelligible with Italian, Sardinian and French, with respective lexical similarities of 82%, 76% and 75%. This has, however, more to do with the new Ukrainian norm. These recommendations are based on research into the mutual intelligibility of Germanic languages, conducted by Femke Swarte. FluentU is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. Nevertheless, most Bulgarians over the age of 30-35 understand Russian well since studying Russian was mandatory under Communism. Bulgarian lexics does not seem to be familiar to Macedonians, what shows that Macedonian has been for too much time separated from the contact with Bulgarian which made Bulgarian unknown for Macedonian ear. Basically, you only hear a series of consonants with hardly recognizable vowels. So, when you're learning the Polish alphabet, all you have to pay attention to are the special accents and the pronunciation. Ja u da radim is more common to Serbian speakers but ja u raditi is officially more correct. You can pick up the gist of thats being said in any sentence. Cheers brothers and sisters! I have a newer version of the paper that I can give in which I changed some of the things you are complaining about. In this week's Slavic languages comparison, we talk about animals in Polish and Ukrainian. Speakers of the Torlak dialect (any Torlak dialect) understand Serbo-Croation, Macedonian and Bulgarian with no problem, and can comprehand Slovenian as much as 80-90% within a few weeks of exposure. Im of the Yugoslav variety by rearing, and a Serb by select bits of culture, by most of my native language and by all of where my tax money goes. Russian is also 85% mutually intelligible with Belarusian and Ukrainian in . Because of all of this, tokavian speaker has a hard time understanding fast talking akavian speakers. Polish only a few words. He alleges that Sheikh later double-crossed British intelligence. Hence, Russians understand the colloquial Ukrainian spoken in the countryside pretty well, but they understand the modern standard heard on TV much less. Nobody Ive ever talked to that lived in Serbia had anything other than [u] for //. The Russian language in the Ukraine has been declining recently mostly because since independence, the authorities have striven to make the new Ukrainian as far away from Russian as possible by adopting the Kharkiv Standard adopted in 1927 and jettisoning the 1932 Standard which brought Ukrainian more in line with Russian. What languages are mutually intelligible with Russian? He was a member of a group of linguists who met periodically to discuss the field. It all adds up, man. . These are 33 brand new symbols that you'd have . let me guess, British bankers/Zionists/Rosthchild family/British oil companies/British special forces/Mossad was behind it? All In The Language Family: The Slavic Languages - Babbel Magazine Poles who know German and Old Polish can understand Silesian quite well due to the Germanisms and the presence of many older Polish words, but Poles who speak only Polish have a hard time with Silesian. Macedonian I can understand better, and Im going to say that my comprehension of it used to lie somewhere between 90 and 95%, and Im going to cite 98% for my present knowledge theres a lot of technical vocabulary that takes a while to grasp, and a few words that I cant make sense of no matter how hard I try, but most of the differences are more marginal than between standard Serbian and Macedonian: Most people in Slovenia learn Serbian language so it is hard to estimate the real mutual intelligibility between Slovenian and Serbian language. Although Chakavian is clearly a separate language from Shtokavian Croatian, in Croatia it is said that there is only one Croatian language, and that is Shtokavian Croatian. Thus, this exposure gives them an edge when trying to understand Czech. The Answer, and Examples for 8 World Languages. Here are the estimates about inteligebility with other Slavic languages from a person thats fluent in Slovenian and Serbo-Croatian: Ekavian Chakavian has two branches Buzet and Northern Chakavian. Maybe its a lack of vocabulary, but I havent heard that word from someone personally yet. Serbians and Bosnians not so such. I speak tokavski croatian (and can read and understand serbian (both cyrillic and latin) and can adapt my croatian to be more serbian grammatically and with vocabulary) and just recently I had a conversation where I spoke croatian and the other person spoke polish. Portuguese also has a high degree of mutual intelligibility with Spanish. For instance, in 1932, Ukrainian g was eliminated from the alphabet in order to make Ukrainian h correspond perfectly with Russian g. After 1991, the g returned to Ukrainian. the interrogatives are much more similar (kda vs. koga when; kd~kud vs. kade where; to~kakv (second form is more characteristic of Bulgarian) vs. to what; koj/koja/koe/koi vs. koj/koja/koe/koi who/which/that (interr. but they are often mutually intelligible. I also met Croats from Zagreb that never learn Slovenian or live in Slovenia and I thought they are native Slovenian speakers because they can speak Slovenian perfectly. Hello Mr Lindsay, One more thing is that Serbian has, for example, two versions of the future case, with da (that) and verb in some person form, 1st in this case: ja u da radim (I will work) and ja u raditi where raditi (to work) is an infinitive. In Czech rep. Slovaks dont have to pass any language exams (the other foreigner do have to). It features phonemic vowel length that came about as a coalescence of a vowel with a following /v/ (usually one /v x j/ in Serbian, the distribution is opaque and unpredictable) or the contraction of the sequence /ij/ into /i:/ this feature is shared with plenty of Macedonian dialects, as far as I remember but has traditional, harder Serbian alveopalatals and palatals, having [t d t d] for Macedonian [t d c() ()] (treating these as allophones as they seem to be the same four phonemes). I am really sorry, but if you are speaking about science, you cannot just say. Woof woof! I am a native Macedonian and I totally dont agree with you. Czechs hardly ever study at Slovak universities. Some islanders go even further than that and don`t consider themselves ethnic Croats. Even the basic words are almost the same. According to Ethnologue, there are more than 7,000 languages in the world, with some being more difficult to learn than others. Writing in Chakavian started very early in the Middle Ages and began to slow down in the 1500s when writing in Kajkavian began to rise. If you think this website is valuable to you, please consider a contribution to support the continuation of the site. I once had a conversation with a young woman from the Czech Republic. akavian differs from the other nearby Slavic lects spoken in the country due to the presence of many Italian words. While common speech from urban areas arent always mutually intelligible across regions, speakers from these regions can often use a more formal form of Arabic to speak with each other. The President outlines the role played by a former London public schoolboy, Omar Sheikh, in the kidnap and murder of Daniel Pearl, the Wall Street Journal reporter, in February 2002. It depends which dialect. If I had to name a Slavic language worst for intelligibility, it would absolutely and positively have to be Bulgarian its phonetics are completely foreign (to the extent that sometimes in the back of my mind I think that it sounds barbarian and Turkish), as is its grammar (the vocabulary, however, is not, being probably 90% similar to Russian, making written Bulgarian pretty easy). Serbo-Croatian and Bulgarian have 10-15% oral intelligibility, however, there are Bulgarian dialects that are transitional with Torlak Serbian. In some respects, all Slavic languages have a lot in common. For example, British Sign Language (BSL) and American Sign Language (ASL) are quite different and mutually unintelligible, even though the hearing people of the United Kingdom and the United States share the same spoken language. The Croatians left Croatia and came to Italy from 1400-1500. Ukrainian and Russian only have 60% lexical similarity. This difference is because Bulgarian is not spoken the same way it is written like Serbo-Croatian is. In the evening of the first day it reaches 93%, in a week 95%, all unsupervised, almost effortlessly, just by being there, watching, listening, talking and asking for an explanation here and there. But which languages in the world are actually closest to . As a Polish native speaker I used to be sure that Czech and Polish are mutually intelligible until I met Czech couple. Score: 4.1/5 (74 votes) . Ukrainian language, formerly called Ruthenian or Little Russian (now considered pejorative), Ukrainian Ukrans'ka mova, East Slavic language spoken in Ukraine and in Ukrainian communities in Kazakhstan, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Lithuania, and Slovakia and by smaller numbers elsewhere. The answer is that Izetbegovi is speaking too fast, he is often basically mumbling, and due to the different stress, I cannot identify, where the words start and end. The diffete. However, Balachka is dying out and is now spoken only by a few old people. Czech and Slovak are more intelligible to me then Slovenian with Slovak more so then Czech. Are Polish and Ukrainian mutually intelligible? With Lonely Planet's Ukrainian Phrasebook, let no barriers . Kajkavian has 82% intelligibility of Chakavian. Another similar example would be varieties of Arabic, which additionally share a single prestige variety in Modern Standard Arabic. Furthermore, there is a dialect continuum between Kajkavian and Chakavian as there is between Kajkavian and Slovenian, and lects with a dialect continuum between them are always separate languages. In addition, Bin Laden is a suspect in other terrorist attacks throughout the world. This stuff is not all that controversial. Probably, ja u da radim for Bosnians and Croatians sounds very Serbian. An academic paper has been published making the case for a separate Balachka language. However, the Torlak Serbians can understand Macedonian well, as this is a Serbo-Croatian dialect transitional to both languages. Three different methods were used: a word translation task, a cloze test and a picture task. Belarussian has 80% intelligibility of Ukrainian and 55% of Polish. That word have special meaning and I think that Serbian needs that word, but if I tell that word seriously while I speak, everybody will laugh at me. Pannonian Rusyn lacks full intelligibility of Rusyn proper. [2], Because of the difficulty of imposing boundaries on a continuum, various counts of the Romance languages are given; in The Linguasphere register of the worlds languages and speech communities David Dalby lists 23 based on mutual intelligibility:[13]. Much of my vocabulary simply isnt present in their lects, even when I try and align myself to speak more in line with the norm. It is true that Czech is more urban and less folk and many Slovaks study in Czech republic. Although the standard view is that Balachka is a Ukrainian dialect, some linguists say that it is actually a separate language closely related to Ukrainian. Complicating the picture is the fact that many Ukrainians are bilingual and speak Russian also. At some point he probably became a rogue or double agent, General Musharraf says. In this week's Slavic languages comparison, we talk about animals in Polish and Ukrainian. Pure Silesian appears to be a dying language. Bratislava speakers say that Kosice speech sounds half Slovak and half Ukrainian and uses many odd and unfamiliar words. The two languages are not mutually intelligible, and there are significant differences in grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation. Feb 22, 2020. According to former Pakistani President Musharraf Omar Sheikh who wired $100,000 to Mohammed Atta was recruited during the 90s by British intelligence. 1996 . They are native Kajkavian speakers and this is another proof that Kajkavian is actually Slovenian. Macedonian has 65% oral and written intelligibility of Bulgarian. Save. A koine is currently under development. Part of the problem between Serbo-Croatian and Macedonian is that so many of the basic words be, do, this, that, where are different, however, much of the rest of the vocabulary is the same. I hope you will like it and will be useful for your researches! A question: how is it decided that the cut-off between a language and dialect is 90% MI? The old Dniestrian/Galician speech is largely confined to rural areas. In this case, another criteria I would also consider is how hard or easy it is for a Serb to start understanding Macedonian. Ive done tests with my friends shtokavians-only (or monolingual Croats regarding the situation here) and it was very interesting. A number of native speakers of various Slavic lects were interviewed about mutual intelligibility, language/dialect confusion, the state of their language, its history and so on. do is the same verb (prim/pri/pri/primo/prite/pre vs. pravam/pravi/pravi/pravime/pravite/pravaat; as opposed to Serbian raditi) Nevertheless, although intelligibility with Slovenian is high, Kajkavian lacks full intelligibility with Slovenian. Can a Russian speaker understand Polish? This is simply reality in Serbia today. But when you see it, you are shocked that you can read it. When I visited Bulgaria I tried to communicate in Serbian language with the Bulgars. Masovian, which is spoken throughout the central and eastern regions of Poland. 4. During the last 20 years, Ukraine has tried to make the language norm as far from Russian as possible for nationalistic reasons. Therefore, for the moment, there are five separate Croatian languages: Shtokavian Croatian, Kajkavian Croatian, Chakavian Croatian, Molise Croatian, and Burgenland Croatian. Macedonian 40 % spoken, 60 % written Upper Dnistrian is influenced by German and Polish. Just search for alternative Croatian or kaikavian lessons and you will find me, along witht he contact information. Robert does look at these stories. In the former Czechoslovakia, everything was 50-50 bilingual media, literature, etc. However, there are dialects in between Ukrainian and Russian such as the Eastern Polissian and Slobozhan dialects of Ukrainian that are intelligible with both languages . Croatian-Shtokavian is only a dialect of Serbian language. Much like Nordic languages. So here you have a case, when I could not understand everything, but I could grasp the meaning (at least). Are ukrainian and russian mutually understandable? Russian has 85% intelligibility with Rusyn (which has a small number of speakers in Central and Eastern Europe). Lach is a Czech-Polish transitional lect with a close relationship with Cieszyn Silesian. I can easily translate the first two sentences: Bulgarian is the oldest documented Slavic language. They have more in common than you might think! How can you mesure intelligibility by using one single person. He printed out the paper and showed it to his colleagues at the next meeting, and they spent some time discussing it. And o shifts to u. (Download). Go back to your kennel. Main difference between akavian, kajkavian and tokavian is in vocabulary. Donations are the only thing that keep the site operating. So I asked my Russian wife to listen to some of them (mostly local news on Youtube). . However, Dutch speakers usually understand more German than the reverse because they study German in school. You cannot simply separate the articles from the words during a regular conversation. Or when I heard the word pobrzajte (hurry up (plural)) it was very interesting to me. Some famous linguists who are acquaintances of mine (they have Wikipedia pages) told me that they thought that 90% was a good metric. NATO EU. True science would involve scientific intelligibility testing of Slavic language pairs. The Slavic branch of the Indo-European language family is known for its languages being relatively closely related. Around 80% comprehension, it gets hard to talk about complex or technical things. Russian, Polish, Czech, and Ukrainian materials are available. Written intelligibility was only calculated for a number of language pairs. [4], Some linguists use mutual intelligibility as a primary criterion for determining whether two speech varieties represent the same or different languages. . Between sources, you might find some claiming that two languages are mutually intelligible, while other sources claim those same languages arent. However, another view is that Lach is indeed Lechitic, albeit with strong Czech influence. In fact, many Macedonians are switching away from the Macedonian language towards Serbo-Croatian. I am a native Spanish speaker but my girlfriend is Macedonian. Belarussian almost completely comprehensible, except a few words. https://www.academia.edu/4080349/Mutual_Intelligibility_of_Languages_in_the_Slavic_Family Are Polish and Ukrainian mutually intelligible? Due to no prior exposure to Russian, I could not understand that language, other than a few words and expressions here and there. On the other hand, it can be difficult for Russians to understand Ukrainian (though it is easy for them to learn it). Are Russian and Polish mutually intelligible? Czechs see Slovaks as country bumpkins backwards and folksy but optimistic, outgoing and friendly. In writing, however, Scots language looks similar to English (albeit with some spelling variations). Yes, there are some words, which has Ukraine origins, but trust me that its not so hard to understand. ????? They sometimes say that youngsters do not but that is just a myth. Thank you very much for this. Bulgarian is similar to Macedonian but with more different cyrillic. Because mutual intelligibility comes in varying degrees, its hard to determine how much overlap there needs to be for something to be classified as such. Macedonian is a little easier, since its more a transitional dialect between Bulgarian and Serbian. I am communicating very often with speakers of the other Slavic languages, so I did an experiment and I tried to write something in Bulgarian for one first time. Far Northeastern Slovak (Saris Slovak) near the Polish border is close to Polish and Ukrainian. So give these mutually intelligible languages a second look. but what if person is from island and speaks heavy akavian and tokavian speaker is real tokavian like from Slavonia (North Eastern Croatia). Ukrainians and Belarusians understand each other's languages with no problem. I think (as a native Serbian speaker from south eastern Belgrade) the main difference between Serbian and Macedonian is that Macedonian doesnt have cases and have definite articles as well. The problem is that most linguists are not interested in scientific intelligibility testing of language pairs. It is time to stop believing to the politically motivated propaganda about our languages and start telling the truth. Interesting when one considers that Ukrainians do not even consider Rusyn a real language. She doesn't speak any Polish so it's going to be an interesting challenge. Some say that West Palesian is actually a separate language, but the majority of Belarussian linguists say it is a dialect of Belarussian (Mezentseva 2014). akavski has considerably more italian influence, due to many of the people there speaking italian (vicinity to italy) and the presence of istriot language and the former presence of dalmatian language. Funny thing when Slovene tourists come to Dalmatian islands they start to speak awkward Serbo Croatian they learned long ago in yugo schools because they fear of not being understood. The British Academy funded research project dedicated to examining mutual intelligibility between Karakalpak, Kazakh and Uzbek languages is currently under way at the, This page was last edited on 6 February 2023, at 16:40. However Serbian, Bosnian, and Croatian are not like Czech and Slovak. The main Shtokavian dialects of Croatian, Serbian, Montenegrin and Bosnian are mutually intelligible. Are Ukrainians and Belarusians mutually intelligible? - Quora There are also some TV shows that show Czech and Slovak contestants untranslated (like in Sweden where Norwegian comics perform untranslated), and most people seem to understand these shows. Russian has low intelligibility with Czech and Slovak, maybe 30%. KajkavianCroatian, spoken in northwest Croatia and similar to Slovenian, is not intelligible with Standard Croatian. Check out his page on the FBI 10 most wanted website. I can randomly pick up another paragraph from that Wikipedia page, and it would be harder: > Much of the claimed intelligibility was simply bilingual learning. Actually the way it is spoken sometimes sounds more like Slovak to me than Czech or polish does, however past really basic speech it is pretty hard to understand. Page 183 section 481. Nice to meet you, Robert; Ill make sure to read more of your articles now! The main difference is in the ortography. If the Torlaks can understand those languages it is because they have been hearing them! Ukrainians needs to make small preparation to become able for listening comprehension of Polish. Sledva da se otbelei, e tova delene e uslovno i imenata ne otrazjavat razlini ezici, a samo periodi v razvitieto na balgarskija ezik, za koito se otkrivat charakterni belezi. You also have these words? Rusyn ~ Ukrainian . Have every heard of Dubrovnik dialect? Rather than 95%, or 85%. Similar things are also valid for Ukraine and Belarus, both of which were parts of the Soviet Union, where Russian was the dominant official language. Ukrainian or Russian? Language gets political in Ukraine How come you have not done a post about 9/11 before Robert? . Scientific intelligibility studies of Czech and Slovak have shown ~82% quite high but still low enough for them to be closely related separate languages and not dialects of one language. [5][6] In a similar vein, some claim that mutual intelligibility is, ideally at least, the primary criterion separating languages from dialects.[7]. http://ifaq.wap.org/society/voweldeployment.html. 5. Polish Language Overview, Structure & Facts | What is Polski? December 2014. No there is not. Written intelligibility is often very different from oral intelligibility in that in a number of cases, it tends to be higher, often much higher, than oral intelligibility. Not everyone within each of the three broad dialect areas speaks Yiddish in the same way -- there are sub-dialects, but they are mutually intelligible. Slobozhan Russian is very close to Ukrainian, closer to Ukrainian than it is to Russian, and Slobozhan Ukrainian is very close to Russian, closer to Russian than to Ukrainian. Accent is on last or penultimate syllable. They are essentially the same language and even somebody with virgin ears can understand anybody almost perfectly, as long as he has half a brain. Is Ukrainian more like . Or they will say, Well, that is about 70% our language. If it is a dialect, they will say, That is really still our language. It's also highly intelligible with Portuguese in writing, though less so when spoken. To deal with the conflict in cases such as Arabic, Chinese and German, the term Dachsprache (a sociolinguistic "umbrella language") is sometimes seen: Chinese and German are languages in the sociolinguistic sense even though speakers of some varieties cannot understand each other without recourse to a standard or prestige form. They say, ~60%, ~65%, etc. You really need to go look at the new version of the paper. Congratulations on a brilliant article! I think that Russian has at least 89% with Belorussian, because I understand all speech in Belorusian. He said if he was there for about a week he could understand probably everything. In writing, German is also somewhat mutually intelligible with Dutch. . Kajkavian was removed from public use after 1900, hence writing in the standard Kajkavian literary language was curtailed. Crazy! The key problem of Bulgarian is the different gramar the lack of declination and the use of postpositive articles. More? Foreign languages arent always as foreign as youd expect. I met Croats from Zagreb and they speak Slovenian perfectly. There is just a little problem to understand east Slovaks for Czechs from naywhere. Macedonian side, the situation is more complicated (i will explain later). We also participate in other affiliate advertising programs for products and services we believe in. This term is similar to linguistic distance in that it can reflect how similar or different languages are. Ukrainian pronounces the "o" as "o" whereas Russians pronounce it typically as an "a." The Ukrainian "" and "" have different pronunciations compared to their Russian equivalents, "" and "". Pronunciation is quite different, but all patterns are easy to catch. Bashkirs - Russia's Periphery theres a macedonian TV program called Vo Centar, hosted by a macedoanian journalist who goes around the Balkans and interviews prominent names in politics etc. In Linguistics, this MI stuff is noncontroversial. The only (still rather minor) problem that I had with this text was the part Nared s osnovnata, izpolzovana v Balgarija (Together with the basic norm used in Bulgaria), because I could not understand Nared s osnovnata. For me, Serbian and Macedonian are as different as Serbian and Slovene, they sounds somehow the same, but I dont understand them correctly. It is quite true that Macedonian speakers (even today) are switching to Serbian (although there is a resistence among some speakers of Macdonian) on informal situations.

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